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安规的工作,我个人觉得,更重要的是利用自己对于安规的理解,实际贯彻到产品的设计过程中去。此贴是我之前做到一个分析报告。用于设计工程师的培训。但是,感觉还是有很多遗漏,例如关于快速熔断和慢熔断,延时熔断到选择依据等等。发上来供大家完善评阅。! }; o! q' q8 K, t: j
如下为引用标准GB4706.1—1998的内容,当熔断器的设置,是为了当模拟电子线路非正常测试时起保护作用的情况,熔断器应当按照如下进行考核,判断的条件为 “电路被充分保护”# q7 i( V* |5 P# l% Y% Q; I0 L
If the safety of the appliance under any of the fault conditions depends on the operation of a& S* q% b; A- l9 o Z) M
miniature fuse-link complying with IEC 60127, the test of 19.12 is carried out.
2 }7 H/ J) b: G) O0 V19.12 If safety of the appliance depends upon the operation of a miniature fuse-link7 y$ f) a/ Y* c8 q+ o
complying with IEC 60127 during any of the fault conditions specified in 19.11.2, the test is
3 g! w6 b( @! ^0 Orepeated but with the miniature fuse-link replaced by an ammeter. If the current measured
* P" w6 C1 o ^1 P' _& }– does not exceed 2,1 times the rated current of the fuse-link, the circuit is not considered to
5 A/ H( |* I5 {: s/ I/ kbe adequately protected and the test is carried out with the fuse-link short-circuited;
% D4 i1 N; B. }4 R2 j2 V3 k– is at least 2,75 times the rated current of the fuse-link, the circuit is considered to be
' T2 X( v' r' a: w, H/ k& N! r, fadequately protected;8 a8 l, l3 Y0 q* G/ q
– is between 2,1 times and 2,75 times the rated current of the fuse-link, the fuse link is
7 [6 N+ V5 s9 b& x; Hshort-circuited and the test is carried out0 G0 w: S5 V# C0 @
• for the relevant period or for 30 min, whichever is the shorter, for quick acting fuselinks;- @5 ^6 Q# E( @ o# L# ^
• for the relevant period or for 2 min, whichever is the shorter, for time lag fuse-links.) E$ J1 d; [; V' ]* U0 k d4 _5 y
NOTE 1 In case of doubt, the maximum resistance of the fuse-link has to be taken into account when determining8 Z1 z; a' Z* L" N* V7 p
the current.2 t( R% t8 j0 S7 u0 G6 ^( C* `
NOTE 2 The verification whether the fuse-link acts as a protective device is based on the fusing characteristics
: w7 C5 r u" o5 P) S* Aspecified in IEC 60127, which also gives the information necessary to calculate the maximum resistance of the
+ J2 i) D0 s2 |. k) u# Y+ A, Zfuse-link.! M% [1 @8 M% \. q, E5 j: c1 T" O H7 i
NOTE 3 Other fuses are considered to be intentionally weak parts in accordance with 19.1.6 T/ f& R) K; g8 v9 F6 t! | @
分析方法如下:
) T* Y3 G" J6 C( Z1、 明确熔断器的设置,是用于在何种电子线路故障时起保护作用;( p) A" h6 W9 K5 l+ G
2、 计算或者测试,在单一故障发生的情况下,通过熔断器的电流;
# ^+ W' e" ~/ q0 i R- I: F' ]0 ?3、 测试和选择方法:: a0 j& T& w7 K
1)、用电流表代替熔断器的两端,逐个模拟单一故障,记录电流表的测试值;
5 t% b. ]: s# A) Z0 o* T. f- g$ S2)、电流表代替时,应充分考虑电流表与熔断器电阻的差异,尽量做到两者内阻相等;% Z7 x7 `' m: Y4 \ ? c' M
3)、用电流表测得的电流值(选取模拟故障时,需要熔断器动作来保护的最小电流值),除以2.75,所得出的值为熔断器的最大额定电流;9 e! S( }; j8 ` T8 y" y. \! R
4)、熔断器的额定电流,必须大于电子线路正常工作时通过熔断器位置的电流。(考虑正常电压波动,测量正常工作电流时,输入电压为AC240V,50Hz)。) G. {$ E/ [! d& _1 ]: i0 N' u
4、当按照测试值采用了熔断器之后,须进行验证。若模拟电子线路故障是,熔断器立即动作,则在同样条件下重复测试一次,作为薄弱位置的可靠保护确认。6 F8 ~4 a: a* T7 Q
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